The poem was published in February 1905 under the title Bharat Bhagya Bidhata in the Tatwabodhini Patrika, which was the official publication of the Brahmo Samaj with Tagore then the Editor. The poem was first publicly recited on the second day of the annual session of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta (now Kolkata) on 27 December 1911, and again in January 1912 at the annual event of the Adi Brahmo Samaj, however, it was largely unknown except to the readers of the Adi Brahmo Samaj journal, Tattwabodhini Patrika. It was first publicly sung on 27 December 1911 at the Calcutta (now Kolkata) Session of the Indian National Congress. A shortened version consisting of the first and last lines (and taking about 20 seconds to play) is also staged occasionally. A formal rendition of the national anthem takes approximately 52 seconds.
The first stanza of the song Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India as the National Anthem on 24 January 1950. Later, it was written in sadhu Bengali or tatsama Bengali which is heavily sanskiritised. It was originally composed as Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata in Bengali by poet Rabindranath Tagore. Jana Gana Mana is the national anthem of India.
